According to the provided literature, the core key to centering technology for a cubic press can be summarized in one phrase: Ensuring Torque Balance.

To achieve this core goal, at the level of engineering manufacturing and practical application, one must rely on two pillars: extremely high Machining Accuracy (Static Foundation) and excellent Structural Rigidity (Dynamic Guarantee).

1. Theoretical Key: Ensuring Torque Balance The literature explicitly states, "Ensuring torque balance is the key to cubic press centering technology".

 Eliminating Additional Force Couples: Ideal centering means there are no forces in the system that cause components to twist. If the piston centerline does not coincide with the hinge beam centerline (eccentricity), or if there is an angle, an "additional force couple" is generated.

 Consequences: This extra torque destroys the sealing space, causing the equipment to become a "typical blowout press," or causes twisting trends in the dies and hinges, severely shortening their lifespan,.

2. Physical Implementation Key: Accuracy and Rigidity To achieve the aforementioned torque balance, two physical problems must be solved, which are the keys to ensuring good equipment centering:

A. Machining Accuracy (Foundation for Static Centering) Machining accuracy directly determines whether the equipment is "innately" centered in an unpressurized state.

     Hinge Accuracy: The centerlines of the 12 hinge pins must form a perfect regular cube, and pinhole diameters and fit tolerances must be consistent. Poor accuracy leads to uneven force on hinges and causes beam fracture.

    Concentricity: The piston centerline must coincide with the hinge beam centerline and intersect at the Equipment Center. If an eccentricity exists, destructive additional force couples will arise.

    Cylinder Bore Consistency: If cylinder sizes vary, the stronger cylinder will push the chamber toward the weaker one, generating shear forces.

B. Structural Rigidity (Guarantee for Dynamic Centering) The literature particularly emphasizes that structural rigidity is the guarantee for the equipment to possess good centering performance when working under high pressure.

    Definition of Rigidity: The equipment as a whole undergoes only equal amounts of elastic deformation.

    Dynamic Instability: Even if initial accuracy is high (static centering), if a specific beam or cylinder has poor rigidity, it will undergo excessive axial stretching or radial deformation under high pressure. If this deformation is inconsistent, it leads to "dynamic" misalignment under high pressure, triggering blowouts.

    Auto-Adjustment Capability: Good rigidity, combined with the floating characteristic of pistons in hydraulic oil, allows the system to perform minute automatic centering adjustments without breaking the seal.

3. Ultimate Goal: Three Centers Unification The ultimate purpose of all centering technologies is to enable the Equipment Center to completely overlap with the Die Center and Material Center under ultra-high pressure (Three Centers Unification).

The Equipment Center is determined by the machine's own accuracy and rigidity.

The Die Center and Material Center can be compensated and adjusted through "anvil adjustment" and assembly structure design.

Summary and Analogy The key to centering technology lies in maintaining perfect geometric symmetry and force balance even under extreme pressure.

Analogy for Understanding: Imagine six people (six cylinders) standing in a circle, using their palms to jointly lift a heavy pyramid (the ultra-high pressure chamber).

Machining Accuracy is like requiring these six people to have absolutely precise positioning, with palm heights exactly the same. If someone stands crookedly (eccentricity), the pyramid will tilt and slide.

Structural Rigidity is like requiring these six people's arms to be as hard as steel. If someone is weak and their arm bends immediately upon lifting (large deformation), the pyramid will collapse toward that side (blowout).

Torque Balance is the final result: regardless of the load, the pushing forces of the six people cancel out perfectly, and the pyramid remains motionless, neither rotating nor tipping over.